This textbook describes the fundamentals of the phenomena of fluid dynamics in the context of engineering instances. It is designed to replace introductory books and notes on the subject for first-level engineering courses as well as higher-level courses or for professional use. The use of this book requires the basic knowledge of mathematics and physics normally delivered in the early years of undergraduate study. However, the extensive use of examples and solved exercises proposes a parallel intuitive route to understanding the necessary mathematical formalisms. It proves that a new fluid dynamics text should not contain new ideas or formalisms, but should present the material in a modern and intuitive way. The approach chosen is primarily practical, so that that readers can practice by solving the proposed problems and examples in order to be prepared to solve the new problems they will encounter in their academic and professional activities. It serves as a teaching tool for coursesin basic fluid dynamics, advanced fluid dynamics, turbulence, and aerodynamics.

This book covers novel techniques and materials for removing inclusions in metallic melts, resulting in significant improvements to the purity, quality, and materials properties of the cast metal product. It looks at an entirely new generation of intelligent filter materials and filter systems with functionalized surfaces for removing solid and liquid inclusions such as deoxidation products, sulfides, and nitrides carbide from metallic melts. This collection of contributed chapters addresses the overarching goal of the production of lightweight structures and high-demand construction materials within an overall substantially cleaner and more sustainable global supply chain. The chapters cover a diverse array of topics ranging in scope from the development of ceramic foam filters, to in-situ x-ray and optical characterization techniques, as well as advanced modelling of 3D-printed filter structures. Additionally, the book features a number of contributions directly transferable to industrial applications related to the clean metal casting technologies of aluminium and steel alloys.

Particles with fractional statistics interpolating between bosons and fermions have attracted considerable interest from mathematical physicists. In recent years it has emerged that these so-called anyons have rather unexpected applications, such as the fractional Hall effect, anyonic excitations in films of liquid helium, and high-temrperature superconductivity. Furthermore, they are discussed also in the context of conformal field theories. This book is a systematic and pedagogical introduction that considers the subject of anyons from many different points of view. In particular, the author presents the relation of anyons to braid groups and Chern-Simons field theory and devotes three chapters to physical applications. The book, while being of interest to researchers, primarily addresses advanced students of mathematics and physics.

This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Fluid Flow and Thermal Sciences (ICAFFTS 2021) and summarizes the modern research practices in thermal sciences and engineering. The content of book involves advanced topics in heat transfer science, automobile, refrigeration and air conditioning, cryogenics, non-conventional systems and energy storage. Topics on cutting edge research in the area of hybrid nano-PCM-based systems, solar-based applications, bio-diesel and nano additives-based combustion, fuel cell and thermoacoustic engine are also included. In addition, this book contains recent research in the area of two-phase thermal management of Li-Ion/Li-titanium battery and LED systems using heat sink, heat pipe, pulsating heat pipe and thermosyphon with next-generation refrigerants, PCM and nanofluid. Some thermal aspects of virus/aerosol research, advances in volumetric velocimetry and application of artificial intelligence in thermal systems are also covered. This book is a valuable reference for academicians, researchers and professionals working in the various fields of thermal sciences.

This book discusses the thermodynamic mechanism of MQL grinding with nano-biological lubricant from the force, heat, surface integrity, and micro-morphology.

This book provides a succinct overview of recent progress in characterization of heat carriers describing atomic motion in liquids. Unlike solids and gases where heat carriers are typically described by phonons and real atomic particles, the nature of effective heat carriers in liquids is still elusive.

Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics - Thermodynamics develops basic and advanced concepts of plasma thermodynamics from both classical and statistical points of view.

This book results from recent studies aimed at answering questions raised by astrophycists who use values of transport coefficients that are old and often unsatisfactory. The few books dealing with the rigorous kinetic theory of a ionized plasma are based on the so called Landau (Fokker-Planck) equation and they seldom relate the microscopic results with their macroscopic counterpart provided by classical non-equilibrium thermodynamics. In this book both issues are thoroughly covered. Starting from the full Boltzmann equation for inert dilute plasmas and using the Hilbert-Chapman-Enskog method to solve the first two approximations in Knudsen´s parameter, we construct all the transport properties of the system within the framework of linear irreversible thermodynamics. This includes a systematic study of all possible cross effects (which, except for a few cases, were never treated in the literature) as well as the famous H-theorem. The equations of magneto-hydrodynamics for dilute plasmas, including the rather surprising results obtained for the viscomagnetic effects, may be now fully assessed. This book will be of immediate interest to the plasma physics community, as well as to astrophysicists. It is also likely to make an impact in the field of cold plasmas, involving laser cooled Rydberg atoms.

A macroscopic system consists of a tremendous number of microscopic atoms and molecules. In thermal equilibrium the state of such a system is uniquely defined, despite the fact that the microscopic particles behave quite randomly. This observation gives rise to the fundamental law of the statistical physics; it allows entropy to be defined and a framework for the theory to be constructed.